Nakanishi, Tomoko M.
Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident. - 1 online resource (209 pages)
Intro -- Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: The Overview of Our Research -- 1.1 Research Project -- 1.2 Research Site -- 1.3 Fallout on Soil -- 1.4 Fallout on Plants -- 1.5 Others -- References -- Chapter 2: Behavior of Radiocesium Adsorbed by the Leaves and Stems of Wheat Plant During the First Year After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Materials and Methods -- 2.2.1 Analysis of Radiocesium in Each Plant Part -- 2.2.2 Effects of the Seed Sowing Date on the Radiocesium Concentration in Grains -- 2.3 Results and Discussion -- 2.3.1 The Radiocesium Was Tightly Bound to the Leaves That Had Already Expanded During the Fallout -- 2.3.1.1 The Concentration of Radiocesium in Each Plant Part Sampled from the Wheat Cultivar "Kinuazuma" on May 26th, 2011 -- 2.3.1.2 Imaging Analysis of Radionuclides in Leaves from the Wheat Cultivars "Kinuazuma," "Yukichikara," and "Abukumawase" Sampled on May 26th, 2011 -- 2.3.2 The Plant Size at the Time of the Fallout in Mid-March 2011 Was the Main Factor That Affected the Radiocesium Concentration in Grains -- References -- Chapter 3: Radiocesium Absorption by Rice in Paddy Field Ecosystems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 "Seasonality" in the Radiocesium Absorption Level of Rice -- 3.3 Radiocesium Absorption Reflects the Features of the Paddy Field Ecosystem -- 3.4 Behavior of Radiocesium in Organic Matter -- 3.5 Can Breeding Resolve the Problem? -- 3.6 The Diagnosis of Radiocesium Absorption in Individual Paddy Fields -- References -- Chapter 4: Cesium Uptake in Rice: Possible Transporter, Distribution, and Variation -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Possible Transporters Involved in Cs Uptake -- 4.3 Cs-Specific Transporters? -- 4.4 Cs Distribution in Rice. 4.5 Variation in Rice Cs Concentrations Among Different Cultivars -- 4.6 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 5: Time-Course Analysis of Radiocesium Uptake and Translocation in Rice by Radioisotope Imaging -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Application of Macro RRIS for Quantification of 137Cs Signals -- 5.3 Uptake of 137Cs by Rice Plants from Liquid or Soil Media -- 5.4 Distribution Pattern of Radiocesium in Soil -- 5.5 Observation of the Xylem Loading Activity Using Macro RRIS -- 5.6 Effects of K Deficiency on the 137Cs Uptake and Xylem Loading Activity -- 5.7 Enhanced P Xylem Loading Activity in P-Deficient Rice Plants -- 5.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 6: Vertical Migration of Radiocesium Fallout in Soil in Fukushima -- 6.1 Retardation of Cesium Migration as a Result of Fixation to Soil Solids -- 6.2 Cs Concentration Profile in Soil 2 Months After the Fallout -- 6.3 Method Used to Monitor the Cs Migration Distance in a Borehole -- 6.3.1 Collimator and Monitoring Pipe -- 6.3.2 Method for Correcting Insufficient Collimator Lead Shielding -- 6.3.2.1 Calculation of the Cs Migration Distance -- 6.4 Results and Discussion -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Radioactive Nuclides in Vegetables and Soil Resulting from Low-Level Radioactive Fallout After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: Case Studies in Tokyo and Fukushima -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Materials and Methods -- 7.2.1 Vegetable and Soil Samples -- 7.2.2 Radioactive Nuclide Concentration Measurements -- 7.3 Results and Discussion -- 7.3.1 Concentrations of Radioactive Nuclides in Vegetables and Soil (Tokyo) -- 7.3.2 Concentrations of Radioactive Nuclides in Vegetables and Soil (Fukushima Prefecture) -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Radioactivity in Agricultural Products in Fukushima -- 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Radioactive Material Concentration in Each Type of Agricultural Product -- 8.3 Samples Harvested from March to June 2011 -- 8.4 Samples Harvested from July 2011 to March 2012 -- 8.4.1 Cereals -- 8.4.2 Vegetables -- 8.4.3 Fruit Trees -- 8.4.4 Other Products (Mushrooms, Meat, and Fish) -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Changes in the Transfer of Fallout Radiocaesium from Pasture Harvested in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, to Cow Milk two Months After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Experimental Procedure -- 9.3 Results -- 9.4 Discussion -- 9.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Radiocesium Contamination of Marine Fish Muscle and Its Effective Elimination -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Detection of the Tissue Distribution of Radioactive Materials in Fish Using an Imaging Plate System -- 10.3 Effective Elimination of Radiocesium Contamination from Fish Meat -- References -- Chapter 11: Excretion of Cesium Through Potassium Transport Pathway in the Gills of a Marine Teleost -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Osmoregulation in Teleost Fishes -- 11.2.1 Body Fluid Osmolality -- 11.2.2 Passive Ion and Water Movements in Teleosts -- 11.2.3 Freshwater and Seawater Adaptation -- 11.2.4 MR Cells -- 11.2.5 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Ion Transporting Functions of MR Cells -- 11.2.6 Possible K+ Secretion from the Gills -- 11.3 K+ Secretion from MR Cells -- 11.3.1 Visualization of K+ Secretion from Gill MR Cells -- 11.3.2 Molecular Mechanism of K+ Secretion -- 11.3.3 Confirmation of K+ Secretion Through ROMK -- 11.4 Cs+ and Rb+ Secretion from MR Cells -- 11.4.1 Cs+ and Rb+ as Biochemical Analogs of K+ -- 11.4.2 Detection of Cs+ and Rb+ Excreted from the Gills -- 11.5 Perspectives -- References. Chapter 12: Contamination of Wild Animals: Effects on Wildlife in High Radioactivity Areas of the Agricultural and Forest Landscape -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Landscape of the Abukuma Highlands and Its Biodiversity -- 12.3 The Bird Community in the Northern Abukuma Highlands -- 12.4 Bush Warbler and Its Contamination with Radioactivity -- 12.5 Effects of Radioactivity on Bush Warbler and Boar -- 12.6 Factors that Affected the Wildlife -- References -- Chapter 13: Remediation of Paddy Soil Contaminated by Radiocesium in Iitate Village in Fukushima Prefecture -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 The "Resurrection of Fukushima" Group -- 13.3 Distribution of Paddy Soil Contaminated by Radiocesium in Iitate Village -- 13.4 Decontamination by Stripping Frozen Soil -- 13.5 Decontamination Method Using a Rotary Weeding Machine -- 13.6 Radiation Dose Reduction Method Based on Soil Cover -- 13.7 Environmental Monitoring in the Village -- 13.8 Conclusion: The Roles of Researchers in Society -- Appendix: Equation for Estimating the Frozen Soil Depth Based on the Air Temperature -- References -- Chapter 14: Distribution of Radiocesium from the Radioactive Fallout in Fruit Trees -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Pathways of Radiocesium Absorption by Fruit Trees -- 14.2.1 Uptake by Roots -- 14.2.1.1 Is It Possible to Estimate the Amount of Radiocesium Absorbed from the Soil by Fruit Trees in the First Year After the Nuclear Accident? -- 14.2.1.2 Field-Dependent Differences, After Accounting for Differences in the Cultivation Environments -- 14.2.2 Translocation of Radiocesium from Existing Above-Ground Plant Parts -- 14.2.2.1 Radiocesium Concentration in the Above-Ground Plant Parts -- 14.2.2.2 Translocation from the Bark -- 14.2.3 Translocation from New Above-Ground Plant Parts -- 14.3 Release of Radiocesium from Trees. 14.3.1 Distribution of Radiocesium Within Peach Trees 5 Months After the Nuclear Accident -- 14.3.2 Release of Radiocesium from Above-Ground Tree Parts -- 14.3.3 The Release of Radiocesium into the Soil Through the Roots -- 14.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15: Mushrooms: Radioactive Contamination of Widespread Mushrooms in Japan -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 High-Level Contamination -- 15.3 Low-Level Contamination -- 15.4 Relationship Between Mushroom Contamination and Radiocesium Concentration in the Fungal Substrates -- 15.5 Radioactive Contamination due to Nuclear Weapons Tests or the Chernobyl Accident -- 15.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 16: Diffusion and Transportation Dynamics of 137Cs Deposited on the Forested Area in Fukushima After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident in March 2011 -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Materials and Methods -- 16.2.1 Study Site -- 16.2.2 Survey -- 16.2.2.1 Forested Catchment -- 16.2.2.2 River Transect -- 16.2.3 Analysis -- 16.3 Preliminary Results and Discussion -- 16.3.1 137Cs Export by Hydrological Processes -- 16.3.2 137Cs Diffusion Through the Food Web -- 16.4 Future Studies -- References -- Chapter 17: Development of an Information Package of Radiation Risk in Beef After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Radioactive Contamination of Beef -- 17.3 Research Outline -- 17.4 Results -- 17.4.1 Risk Perception, Knowledge, and Attitude -- 17.4.2 Effectiveness of the Information Package -- 17.4.3 Results of FGIs -- 17.5 Conclusion -- References.
This book presents data collected from the only project systematically carried out across Japan after the Fukushima accident. It reveals data about the real movement and accumulation of radioactivity in an ecological system.
9784431543282
Electronic books.
QH541.15.M64
Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident. - 1 online resource (209 pages)
Intro -- Agricultural Implications of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Chapter 1: The Overview of Our Research -- 1.1 Research Project -- 1.2 Research Site -- 1.3 Fallout on Soil -- 1.4 Fallout on Plants -- 1.5 Others -- References -- Chapter 2: Behavior of Radiocesium Adsorbed by the Leaves and Stems of Wheat Plant During the First Year After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Materials and Methods -- 2.2.1 Analysis of Radiocesium in Each Plant Part -- 2.2.2 Effects of the Seed Sowing Date on the Radiocesium Concentration in Grains -- 2.3 Results and Discussion -- 2.3.1 The Radiocesium Was Tightly Bound to the Leaves That Had Already Expanded During the Fallout -- 2.3.1.1 The Concentration of Radiocesium in Each Plant Part Sampled from the Wheat Cultivar "Kinuazuma" on May 26th, 2011 -- 2.3.1.2 Imaging Analysis of Radionuclides in Leaves from the Wheat Cultivars "Kinuazuma," "Yukichikara," and "Abukumawase" Sampled on May 26th, 2011 -- 2.3.2 The Plant Size at the Time of the Fallout in Mid-March 2011 Was the Main Factor That Affected the Radiocesium Concentration in Grains -- References -- Chapter 3: Radiocesium Absorption by Rice in Paddy Field Ecosystems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 "Seasonality" in the Radiocesium Absorption Level of Rice -- 3.3 Radiocesium Absorption Reflects the Features of the Paddy Field Ecosystem -- 3.4 Behavior of Radiocesium in Organic Matter -- 3.5 Can Breeding Resolve the Problem? -- 3.6 The Diagnosis of Radiocesium Absorption in Individual Paddy Fields -- References -- Chapter 4: Cesium Uptake in Rice: Possible Transporter, Distribution, and Variation -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Possible Transporters Involved in Cs Uptake -- 4.3 Cs-Specific Transporters? -- 4.4 Cs Distribution in Rice. 4.5 Variation in Rice Cs Concentrations Among Different Cultivars -- 4.6 Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 5: Time-Course Analysis of Radiocesium Uptake and Translocation in Rice by Radioisotope Imaging -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Application of Macro RRIS for Quantification of 137Cs Signals -- 5.3 Uptake of 137Cs by Rice Plants from Liquid or Soil Media -- 5.4 Distribution Pattern of Radiocesium in Soil -- 5.5 Observation of the Xylem Loading Activity Using Macro RRIS -- 5.6 Effects of K Deficiency on the 137Cs Uptake and Xylem Loading Activity -- 5.7 Enhanced P Xylem Loading Activity in P-Deficient Rice Plants -- 5.8 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 6: Vertical Migration of Radiocesium Fallout in Soil in Fukushima -- 6.1 Retardation of Cesium Migration as a Result of Fixation to Soil Solids -- 6.2 Cs Concentration Profile in Soil 2 Months After the Fallout -- 6.3 Method Used to Monitor the Cs Migration Distance in a Borehole -- 6.3.1 Collimator and Monitoring Pipe -- 6.3.2 Method for Correcting Insufficient Collimator Lead Shielding -- 6.3.2.1 Calculation of the Cs Migration Distance -- 6.4 Results and Discussion -- 6.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: Radioactive Nuclides in Vegetables and Soil Resulting from Low-Level Radioactive Fallout After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident: Case Studies in Tokyo and Fukushima -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Materials and Methods -- 7.2.1 Vegetable and Soil Samples -- 7.2.2 Radioactive Nuclide Concentration Measurements -- 7.3 Results and Discussion -- 7.3.1 Concentrations of Radioactive Nuclides in Vegetables and Soil (Tokyo) -- 7.3.2 Concentrations of Radioactive Nuclides in Vegetables and Soil (Fukushima Prefecture) -- 7.4 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: Radioactivity in Agricultural Products in Fukushima -- 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Radioactive Material Concentration in Each Type of Agricultural Product -- 8.3 Samples Harvested from March to June 2011 -- 8.4 Samples Harvested from July 2011 to March 2012 -- 8.4.1 Cereals -- 8.4.2 Vegetables -- 8.4.3 Fruit Trees -- 8.4.4 Other Products (Mushrooms, Meat, and Fish) -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Changes in the Transfer of Fallout Radiocaesium from Pasture Harvested in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, to Cow Milk two Months After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Experimental Procedure -- 9.3 Results -- 9.4 Discussion -- 9.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Radiocesium Contamination of Marine Fish Muscle and Its Effective Elimination -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Detection of the Tissue Distribution of Radioactive Materials in Fish Using an Imaging Plate System -- 10.3 Effective Elimination of Radiocesium Contamination from Fish Meat -- References -- Chapter 11: Excretion of Cesium Through Potassium Transport Pathway in the Gills of a Marine Teleost -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Osmoregulation in Teleost Fishes -- 11.2.1 Body Fluid Osmolality -- 11.2.2 Passive Ion and Water Movements in Teleosts -- 11.2.3 Freshwater and Seawater Adaptation -- 11.2.4 MR Cells -- 11.2.5 Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Ion Transporting Functions of MR Cells -- 11.2.6 Possible K+ Secretion from the Gills -- 11.3 K+ Secretion from MR Cells -- 11.3.1 Visualization of K+ Secretion from Gill MR Cells -- 11.3.2 Molecular Mechanism of K+ Secretion -- 11.3.3 Confirmation of K+ Secretion Through ROMK -- 11.4 Cs+ and Rb+ Secretion from MR Cells -- 11.4.1 Cs+ and Rb+ as Biochemical Analogs of K+ -- 11.4.2 Detection of Cs+ and Rb+ Excreted from the Gills -- 11.5 Perspectives -- References. Chapter 12: Contamination of Wild Animals: Effects on Wildlife in High Radioactivity Areas of the Agricultural and Forest Landscape -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Landscape of the Abukuma Highlands and Its Biodiversity -- 12.3 The Bird Community in the Northern Abukuma Highlands -- 12.4 Bush Warbler and Its Contamination with Radioactivity -- 12.5 Effects of Radioactivity on Bush Warbler and Boar -- 12.6 Factors that Affected the Wildlife -- References -- Chapter 13: Remediation of Paddy Soil Contaminated by Radiocesium in Iitate Village in Fukushima Prefecture -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 The "Resurrection of Fukushima" Group -- 13.3 Distribution of Paddy Soil Contaminated by Radiocesium in Iitate Village -- 13.4 Decontamination by Stripping Frozen Soil -- 13.5 Decontamination Method Using a Rotary Weeding Machine -- 13.6 Radiation Dose Reduction Method Based on Soil Cover -- 13.7 Environmental Monitoring in the Village -- 13.8 Conclusion: The Roles of Researchers in Society -- Appendix: Equation for Estimating the Frozen Soil Depth Based on the Air Temperature -- References -- Chapter 14: Distribution of Radiocesium from the Radioactive Fallout in Fruit Trees -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 Pathways of Radiocesium Absorption by Fruit Trees -- 14.2.1 Uptake by Roots -- 14.2.1.1 Is It Possible to Estimate the Amount of Radiocesium Absorbed from the Soil by Fruit Trees in the First Year After the Nuclear Accident? -- 14.2.1.2 Field-Dependent Differences, After Accounting for Differences in the Cultivation Environments -- 14.2.2 Translocation of Radiocesium from Existing Above-Ground Plant Parts -- 14.2.2.1 Radiocesium Concentration in the Above-Ground Plant Parts -- 14.2.2.2 Translocation from the Bark -- 14.2.3 Translocation from New Above-Ground Plant Parts -- 14.3 Release of Radiocesium from Trees. 14.3.1 Distribution of Radiocesium Within Peach Trees 5 Months After the Nuclear Accident -- 14.3.2 Release of Radiocesium from Above-Ground Tree Parts -- 14.3.3 The Release of Radiocesium into the Soil Through the Roots -- 14.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 15: Mushrooms: Radioactive Contamination of Widespread Mushrooms in Japan -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 High-Level Contamination -- 15.3 Low-Level Contamination -- 15.4 Relationship Between Mushroom Contamination and Radiocesium Concentration in the Fungal Substrates -- 15.5 Radioactive Contamination due to Nuclear Weapons Tests or the Chernobyl Accident -- 15.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 16: Diffusion and Transportation Dynamics of 137Cs Deposited on the Forested Area in Fukushima After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident in March 2011 -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Materials and Methods -- 16.2.1 Study Site -- 16.2.2 Survey -- 16.2.2.1 Forested Catchment -- 16.2.2.2 River Transect -- 16.2.3 Analysis -- 16.3 Preliminary Results and Discussion -- 16.3.1 137Cs Export by Hydrological Processes -- 16.3.2 137Cs Diffusion Through the Food Web -- 16.4 Future Studies -- References -- Chapter 17: Development of an Information Package of Radiation Risk in Beef After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Radioactive Contamination of Beef -- 17.3 Research Outline -- 17.4 Results -- 17.4.1 Risk Perception, Knowledge, and Attitude -- 17.4.2 Effectiveness of the Information Package -- 17.4.3 Results of FGIs -- 17.5 Conclusion -- References.
This book presents data collected from the only project systematically carried out across Japan after the Fukushima accident. It reveals data about the real movement and accumulation of radioactivity in an ecological system.
9784431543282
Electronic books.
QH541.15.M64
