Intro -- Table of Contents -- Foreword -- List of Abbreviations and Acronyms -- 1. Notes on the morphology of the oral m -- 2. Principles of patient investigation -- 2.1. Patient history -- 2.2. Objective findings and methods of e -- 2.2.1. Histopathological changes -- 2.2.2. Morphology of mucosal manifestati -- 2.2.3. Location and duration of mucosal -- 2.2.4. The examination -- 2.3. Additional laboratory tests -- 2.3.1. Haematological tests -- 2.3.2. Immunological tests -- 2.3.3. Biopsy -- 2.3.4. Microbiological examination -- Virological examination -- Bacteriological examination -- Mycological examination -- 2.4. Specialist examinations and consult -- 3. Common anatomical abnormalities of th -- 3.1. Linea alba -- 3.2. Fordyce spots/granules (morbus Ford -- 3.3. Leukoedema -- 3.4. Physiological melanin hyperpigmenta -- 4. Congenital and developmental abnormal -- 4.1. Cleft lip -- 4.2. Double lip -- 4.3. Bifid uvula/hypoplasia of the uvula -- 4.4. Ankyloglossia (lingua accreta, tong -- 4.5. White sponge nevus (Cannon disease, -- 4.6. Darier disease (hereditary follicul -- 4.7. Geographic tongue (lingua geographi -- 4.8. Fissured tongue (l. plicata/ gyrata -- 4.9. Crenated tongue (impressions on the -- 5. External causes -- 5.1. Physical factors -- 5.1.1. Traumatic changes of the oral muc -- Traumatic ulcer -- Neurodystrophic ulcer of the oral mucosa -- Traumatic gingivitis/stomatitis -- Epulis fissuratum (denture hyperplasia) -- Cheek and lip bite stomatitis (morsicati -- Frictional keratosis -- Cotton roll stomatitis -- Oral haematoma -- Suction trauma of the palatal mucosa -- Common cheilitis (chapped lips, cheiliti -- Exfoliative chelitis (cheilitis exfoliat -- 5.1.2. Stomatitis caused by thermal fact -- 5.1.3. Electrogalvanic stomatitis -- 5.1.4. Actinic cheilitis (solar cheiliti -- 5.2. Chemical factors.

5.2.1. Stomatitis due to corrosive subst -- 5.2.2. Toxic effects of xenobiotics -- Drug-induced stomatitis of toxic origin -- 5.2.3. Tobacco abuse-associated changes -- Smoker's melanosis -- Smoker's leukokeratosis (stomatitis fuma -- Smoking related leukoplakia -- Squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavi -- 5.2.4. Exogenous pigmentations -- Amalgam tattoo -- Metallic gingival pigmentations -- Pigmentations caused by heavy metals and -- 5.3. Viral infections -- 5.3.1. Diseases caused by the „herpes si -- Primary herpetic gingivostomatitis -- Pustulosis varioliformis (eczema herpeti -- Recurrent herpetic stomatitis (intraoral -- Labial herpes simplex (herpes simplex la -- 5.3.2. Diseases of the „Varicella zoster -- Varicella (chicken pox) -- Herpes zoster (shingles) -- 5.3.3. Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalo -- Infectious mononucleosis (monocytic angi -- „Hairy" leukoplakia -- Cytomegalovirus disease -- 5.3.4. Enterovirus infections -- Herpangina -- Vesicular stomatitis with exanthema on h -- 5.3.5. Measles (morbilli) -- 5.3.6. Infections caused by the human pa -- 5.3.7. Manifestations of the primary HIV -- 5.4. Bacterial infections -- 5.4.1. Necrotizing diseases of the perio -- Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis -- Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis -- 5.4.2. Contagious impetigo (impetigo con -- 5.4.3. Syphilis -- 5.4.4. Tuberculosis -- 5.5. Fungal (mycotic) infections -- 5.5.1. Oral candidosis (formerly monilia -- Acute pseudomembranous candidosis -- Acute erythematous candidosis -- Chronic pseudomembranous candidosis -- Chronic hyperplastic candidosis -- Chronic erythematous atrophic candidosis -- Angular candidosis -- Median rhomboid glossitis (glossitis rho -- Black hairy tongue (lingua villosa nigra -- 5.5.2. Systemic (deeply invasive) mycose -- 5.6. Manifestations of deficiency of vit -- 6. Internal causes.

6.1. Immunopathological diseases of the -- 6.1.1. Allergic reactions, hypersensitiv -- Drug-induced allergic stomatitis (stomat -- Angioedema -- 6.1.2. Manifestations of autoimmune dise -- Diseases of the pemphigus group -- Diseases of the pemphigoid group -- Dermatitis herpetiformis (Duhring-Brocqu -- Epidermolysis bullosa -- Lupus erythematosus (LE) -- Psoriasis (psoriasis vulgaris) -- Sj�ogren syndrome -- 6.1.3. Immune system-associated stomatit -- Oral lichen planus -- Oral lichenoid lesions (lichenoid reacti -- Erythema multiforme (erythema exsudativu -- Stevens-Johnson's syndrome -- Recurrent aphthous stomatitis -- Beh�cet's syndrome -- Touraine's aphthosis -- 6.1.4. Immunodeficient conditions -- Changes in the oral cavity in patients w -- 6.2. Changes in the oral cavity associat -- 6.2.1. Changes in the oral cavity associ -- Diseases associated with the red blood c -- Diseases associated with white blood cel -- Haemorrhagic disorders (bleeding diathes -- Vascular anomalies -- 6.2.2. Changes in the oral cavity associ -- 6.2.3. Changes in the oral cavity associ -- 6.2.4. Changes in the oral cavity associ -- Crohn's disease (morbus Crohn) -- Ulcerative colitis (colitis ulcerosa) -- Celiac disease (gluten enteropathy) -- 6.2.5. Changes in the oral cavity associ -- Uremic stomatitis -- 6.2.6. Changes in the oral cavity associ -- Glycogenoses and mucopolysaccharidoses -- Diabetes mellitus -- Insufficient function of the thyroid gla -- Increased function of the thyroid gland -- Increased function of the parathyroid gl -- Primary hypofunction of the adrenal cort -- Acromegaly -- 6.2.7. Paraneoplastic processes -- 6.3. Endogenous pigmentations -- 6.3.1. Melanin pigmentations -- Melanin pigmentations caused by increase -- Melanin pigmentations in systemic diseas -- Melanin pigmentations caused by a local -- Melanin pigmentations with malignant pro.

6.3.2. Haemochromatosis -- 6.3.3. Porphyrias -- 6.3.4. Discolorations of vascular origin -- 7. Potentially malignant lesions of the -- 7.1. Leukoplakia -- 7.1.1. Proliferative verrucous leukoplak -- 7.2. Erythroplakia (erythroplasia) -- 7.3. Erythroleukoplakia -- 7.4. Oral submucosal fibrosis -- 7.5. Dyskeratosis congenita -- 7.6. Chronic hyperplastic candidosis -- 7.7. Oral lichen planus - atrophic and e -- 7.8. Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) - -- 7.9. Epidermolysis bullosa -- 7.10. Syphilitic glossitis -- 7.11. Actinic cheilitis (cheilitis actin -- 7.12. Sideropenic dysphagia (Patterson-K -- 8. Notes on differential diagnosis of or -- 8.1 Pigmented lesions -- 8.2. White lesions of the oral mucosa -- 8.3. Red lesions of the oral mucosa -- 8.4. Erosions and blisters on the oral m -- 8.5. Ulcerations of the oral mucosa -- 8.5.1. Ulcers affecting primarily the gi -- 8.5.2. Ulcers primarily affecting other -- 8.5.3. Ulcers in specific inflammations -- 8.6. Lip inflammation (cheilitis) -- 8.6.1. Overview of the cheilitides -- 8.6.2. Painful corners of the mouth (sto -- 8.6.3. Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome -- 8.7. Macroglossia and microglossia -- 8.7.1. Congenital anomalies of the size -- 8.7.2. Acquired anomalies of the size of -- 8.8. Pathologies of the coating of the t -- 8.8.1. Pathologically increased coating -- 8.8.2. Pathologically reduced coating o -- 8.9. Inflammation of the tongue (glossit -- 8.9.1. Overview of glossitis -- 9. Diseases of the oral cavity/manifesta -- 9.1. Salivary secretion and its disorder -- 9.1.1. Saliva functions -- 9.1.2. Salivary secretion -- Quantitative analysis of the saliva (Ška -- 9.1.3. Salivary secretion disorders -- Ptyalism (sialorrhoea, hypersalivation) -- Hyposialia (hyposalivation) -- Xerostomia -- 9.2. Glossodynia and stomatodynia -- 9.3. Bad breath (foetor ex ore, halitosi.

10. Treatment of mucosal diseases -- 10.1. General rules for treatment of muc -- 10.2 New trends in the treatment of oral -- 10.2.1. Ozone therapy -- 10.2.2. Laser therapy -- 10.2.3. Biological treatment -- 10.2.4. Other substances potentially use -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Appendix -- List of Figures -- List of Tables.

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